Business Tutorial: Ratios

Profitability

• Gross Margin
• Net Profit Margin
• Operating Margin
• Pretax Margin

Valuation (P=Price, E=Earnings)

• P/E (excluding extraordinary items)
• P/E (normalized)
• P/Sales
• P/Tangible book
• P/ Cash flow

Per Share Data 

• EPS (excluding extraordinary items) 
• EPS (normalized)
• Revenue per share
• Cash per share
• Cash flow per share

Financial Strength or Solvency

• Current Ratio
• Quick Ratio
• Long-Term(LT) Debt/Equity
• Total Debt/Equity
• Payout Ratio

Management Effectiveness

• Return on Assets
• Return on Equity
• Return on Investments

Growth

• Earnings per share (EPS)
• Dividend Growth