Skip to Main Content
Biographical Sources
- American National Biography. v.12, 1999.
- Baker’s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. Ninth ed. 2001. Also entries in earlier editions.
- Baker’s Biographical Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Classical Musicians. 1997.
- The Blue Book. Leaders of the English-speaking World. 1976 .
- Britannica Book of Music. 1980.
- Contemporary Authors. v. 49, 1975.
- Current Biography. Sept. 1971.
- Directory of American Scholars. Eighth ed., Volume 1: History. 1982. Also entries in earlier editions.
- International Who’s Who. 1965/66-1984/85 .
- International Who’s Who in Music and Musicians’ Directory. 1969-1984
- Musicians since 1900. Performers in Concert and Opera . 1978.
- The New American Dictionary of Music. 1991.
- The New Grove Dictionary of American Music. 1986.
- The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. 2001, 1980.
- The New York Times Biographical Service. Vol. 15, numbers 1-12. 1984.
- Who Was Who in America. Vol. 8, 1982-1985. 1985.
- Who’s Who in America. 1958/59-1982/83 eds.
- Who’s Who in American Music: Classical. 1983.
- Who’s Who in the World. 1971/72-1974-75
